Pydantic配置继承抽象基类模式
title: Pydantic配置继承抽象基类模式
from pydantic import BaseModel
class StrictModel(BaseModel):
class Config:
extra = "forbid" # 禁止额外字段
anystr_strip_whitespace = True # 自动去除空格
validate_all = True # 强制全字段校验
json_encoders = { # 自定义JSON编码
datetime: lambda v: v.timestamp()
}
class BaseConfigModel(BaseModel):
class Config:
allow_mutation = False
use_enum_values = True
class UserModel(BaseConfigModel):
class Config(BaseConfigModel.Config):
anystr_lower = True # 新增配置
# 验证配置继承
print(UserModel.Config.allow_mutation) # 输出: False
class Tier1Config(BaseModel):
class Config:
allow_population_by_field_name = True
class Tier2Config(Tier1Config):
class Config(Tier1Config.Config):
json_loads = orjson.loads
class ProductionModel(Tier2Config):
class Config(Tier2Config.Config):
max_anystr_length = 1000
from types import SimpleNamespace
def create_configurable_model(config: SimpleNamespace):
class DynamicModel(BaseModel):
class Config:
allow_mutation = config.allow_edit
extra = config.extra_fields
return DynamicModel
# 动态创建模型
prod_config = SimpleNamespace(
allow_edit=False,
extra_fields="ignore"
)
ProdModel = create_configurable_model(prod_config)
from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
class ReloadableModel(BaseModel):
model_config = ConfigDict(
validate_default=True,
revalidate_instances="always"
)
@classmethod
def reload_config(cls, new_config: dict):
cls.model_config.update(new_config)
class MicroserviceBase(BaseModel):
class Config:
extra = "forbid"
json_encoders = {
SecretStr: lambda v: v.get_secret_value()
}
class UserServiceModel(MicroserviceBase):
class Config(MicroserviceBase.Config):
anystr_strip_whitespace = True
class PaymentServiceModel(MicroserviceBase):
class Config(MicroserviceBase.Config):
arbitrary_types_allowed = True
class EnvironmentConfig:
base = {"extra": "forbid"}
dev = {**base, "strict": False}
prod = {**base, "strict": True}
def create_env_model(model: Type[BaseModel], env: str):
return type(
f"{env}Model",
(model,),
{"Config": type("Config", (model.Config,), EnvironmentConfig.__dict__[env])}
)
DevUserModel = create_env_model(UserModel, "dev")
try:
class ConflictModel(BaseModel):
class Config:
extra = "allow"
class SubModel(ConflictModel):
class Config(ConflictModel.Config):
extra = "forbid" # 合法覆盖
validate_all = "invalid_value" # 非法配置类型
except TypeError as e:
print(f"配置错误: {str(e)}")
def validate_config_inheritance(model: Type[BaseModel]):
current_config = model.__config__
parent_configs = [
base.__config__
for base in model.__bases__
if hasattr(base, '__config__')
]
for config in parent_configs:
if not issubclass(current_config, config):
raise TypeError("配置继承链断裂")
| 错误信息 | 原因分析 | 解决方案 |
|---|---|---|
| ConfigConflict | 多继承配置项冲突 | 显式指定继承顺序 |
| ValidationError | 严格模式字段缺失 | 检查allow_population_by_alias配置 |
| TypeError | 配置项类型错误 | 验证配置值合法性 |
| MissingRequiredField | 动态配置导致必填项失效 | 重建模型继承链 |
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